# Vagrant Basic
# Vagrant 简介
命令行实用工具来快速管理虚拟机的生命周期。(终于不用手动繁琐的创建测试环境了.)
# 安装与卸载
# 安装（Ubuntu 18.04环境下）
其他系统安装参考： https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/installation
前往vagrant官方下载站点，下载与当前系统版本相对应的软件版本，解压缩，然后添加到环境变量中即可。
curl https://releases.hashicorp.com/vagrant/2.2.10/vagrant_2.2.10_linux_amd64.zip -o vagrant_2.2.10_linux_amd64.zip
unzip vagrant_2.2.10_linux_amd64.zip
chmod +x vagrant
mv vagrant /usr/bin
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检验安装是否成功：
$ vagrant --version
Vagrant 2.2.10
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⚠️禁用
kvmFirst find out the name of the hypervisor:
$ lsmod | grep kvm kvm_intel 204800 6 kvm 593920 1 kvm_intel irqbypass 16384 1 kvm1
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4The one we're interested in is
kvm_intel. You might have another.Blacklist the hypervisor (run the following as root):
$ echo 'blacklist kvm-intel' >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf1
# 卸载
其他系统参考：https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/installation/uninstallation
rm -rf /opt/vagrant
rm -f /usr/bin/vagrant
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# 快速开始
初始化Vagrant：
$ mkdir vagrant_workspace && cd vagrant_workspace
$ vagrant init hashicorp/bionic64
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初始化完毕之后会在当前目录生成一个名为vagrantfile的清单文件
启动虚拟机：
$ vagrant up
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使用SSH连入创建完毕的虚拟机：
$ vagrant ssh
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删除（摧毁）虚拟机：
$ vagrant destroy
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摧毁虚拟机不会删除所下载的文件，如果需要删除，则需要运行：
# 查看box
$ vagrant box list
# 添加一个box
$ vagrant box add hashicorp/bionic64
# 删除box
$ vagrant box remove ubuntu/trusty64
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# VagrantfIle
简单示例1：
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "ubuntu/trusty64"
end
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启动：vagrant up
简单示例2：
$ mkdir html
$ echo "vagrant page here." > html/index.html
# 编写脚本
#!/usr/bin/env bash
apt-get update -y
apt-get install -y apache2
if ! [ -L /var/www ]; then
rm -rf /var/www
ln -fs /vagrant /var/www
fi
# 配置vagrantfile
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "hashicorp/bionic64"
config.vm.provision :shell, path: "bootstrap.sh"
config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 4567
end
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重载配置：vagrant reload --provision
最后打开浏览器访问http://localhost:4567即可。
配置项详解：
VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2" # 可不定义该变量，直接指定
Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config| # 其中VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION可直接使用`2`来代替
####################################### 使用循环语句快速创建三个虚拟机
(1..3).each do |i|
config.vm.define "node-#{i}" do |node|
node.vm.provision "shell",
inline: "echo hello from node #{i}"
end
end
#######################################
# ---------------------- config.vim
config.vm.box = "generic/ubuntu1804" # 镜像名称
config.vm.hostname = "vm-demo1.local" # 指定主机名称
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, id: "http", protocol: "tcp" # 设置转发端口，后面的id参数可以省略
# config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.33.11", hostname: true # 指明公网地址，并使用hostname选项，该选项可以将信息写入/etc/hosts，如`vm-demo1 192.168.33.11`
# config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.11" # 指明私网地址
config.vm.network "public_network", use_dhcp_assigned_default_route: true # 使用默认dhcp获取IP
# ----------------------
config.vm.synced_folder "src/", "/srv/website", disabled: false, owner: "root", group: "root" # 挂载文件夹, disable选项省略
end
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# 多主机(Multi-Machine)
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp" # 互联主机网路
config.vm.provision "shell", inline: "echo Hello"
config.vm.define "web" do |web|
web.vm.box = "apache"
end
config.vm.define "db" do |db|
db.vm.box = "mysql"
end
end
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管理多主机：
# 启动所有
$ vagrant up
# 启动指定主机
$ vagrant up web
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# Plugins
# vagrant share
预先条件：安装ngrok，参考 https://ngrok.com/download
安装插件：
$ vagrant plugin install vagrant-share
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共享环境：
$ vagrant share
==> default: Detecting network information for machine...
default: Local machine address: 127.0.0.1
default:
default: Note: With the local address (127.0.0.1), Vagrant Share can only
default: share any ports you have forwarded. Assign an IP or address to your
default: machine to expose all TCP ports. Consult the documentation
default: for your provider ('virtualbox') for more information.
default:
default: Local HTTP port: 4567
default: Local HTTPS port: disabled
default: Port: 2222
default: Port: 4567
==> default: Creating Vagrant Share session...
==> default: HTTP URL: http://c726c8a40a7b.ngrok.io
==> default:
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# 参考链接
- Vagrant Documentation: https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/
- Vagrantfile: https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/vagrantfile