# nginx+tomcat+redis实现负载均衡和session共享
# 1、实验环境
主机 | IP地址 |
---|---|
Nginx | 192.168.6.240 |
Tomcat-1 | 192.168.6.241 |
Tomcat-2 | 192.168.6.242 |
redis | 192.168.6.244 |
mysql | 192.168.6.244 |
# 2、实验拓扑
在这个图中,nginx做为反向代理,实现静动分离,将客户动态请求根据权重随机分配给两台tomcat服务器,redis做为两台tomcat的共享session数据服务器,mysql做为两台tomcat的后端数据库。
# 3、nginx安装配置
使用Nginx作为Tomcat的负载平衡器,Tomcat的会话Session数据存储在Redis,能够实现零宕机的7x24效果。因为将会话存储在Redis中,因此Nginx就不必配置成stick粘贴某个Tomcat方式,这样才能真正实现后台多个Tomcat负载平衡。
部署nginx:
yum install pcre pcre-devel -y
yum install openssl openssl-devel -y
mkdir -p /home/oldboy/tools
cd /home/oldboy/tools/
wget -q http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M
mkdir /application/
tar xf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.6.2
./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/application/nginx1.6.2 --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module
echo $?
make && make install
echo $?
ln -s /application/nginx1.6.2/ /application/nginx
cd ../
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
配置nginx反向代理:反向代理+负载均衡+健康探测,nginx.conf文件内容:
[root@linux-node1 ~]\# cat /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
worker_processes 4;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#blog lb by oldboy at 201303
upstream backend_tomcat {
#ip_hash;
server 192.168.6.241:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=10s;
server 192.168.6.242:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=10s;
#server 192.168.6.243:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=10s;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.98yz.cn;
charset utf-8;
location / {
root html;
index index.jsp index.html index.html;
}
location ~* \.(jsp|do)$ {
proxy_pass http://backend_tomcat;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
}
}
}
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
# 4、安装部署tomcat应用程序服务器
在tomcat-1和tomcat-2节点上安装JDK
在安装tomcat之前必须先安装JDK,JDK的全称是java development kit,是sun公司免费提供的java语言的软件开发工具包,其中包含java虚拟机(JVM),编写好的java源程序经过编译可形成java字节码,只要安装了JDK,就可以利用JVM解释这些字节码文件,从而保证了java的跨平台性。
安装JDK,Tomcat 程序:
[root@linux-node2 ~]\# yum install java -y
[root@linux-node2 ~]\# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_201"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_201-b09)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.201-b09, mixed mode)
[root@linux-node2 ~]\# mkdir /soft/src -p
[root@linux-node2 ~]\# cd /soft/src
[root@linux-node2 ~]\# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.16/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz
[root@linux-node2 ~]\# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz -C /soft
[root@linux-node2 ~]\# cd ..
[root@linux-node2 ~]\# cp -r apache-tomcat-9.0.16/ tomcat-8080
[root@linux-node2 soft]\# cd tomcat-8080/
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
按照相同方法在tomcat-2也安装
下面我们来修改配置文件
[root@linux-node2 tomcat-8080]\# vim conf/server.xml
设置默认虚拟主机,并增加jvmRoute
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat-1">
修改默认虚拟主机,并将网站文件路径指向/web/webapp1,在host段增加context段
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context docBase="/web/webapp1" path="" reloadable="true"/>
</Host>
2
3
4
增加文档目录与测试文件
[root@linux-node2 ~]\# mkdir -p /web/webapp1
[root@linux-node2 ~]\# cd /web/webapp1
[root@linux-node2 webapp1]\# cat index.jsp
<%@page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>tomcat-1</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><font color="red">Session serviced by tomcat</font></h1>
<table aligh="center" border="1">
<tr>
<td>Session ID</td>
<td><%=session.getId() %></td>
<% session.setAttribute("abc","abc");%>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Created on</td>
<td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
</tr>
</table>
tomcat-1
</body>
<html>
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Tomcat-2节点与tomcat-1节点配置基本类似,只是jvmRoute不同,另外为了区分由哪个节点提供访问,测试页标题也不同(生产环境两个tomcat服务器提供的网页内容是相同的)。其他的配置都相同。
用浏览器访问nginx主机,验证负载均衡
验证健康检查的方法可以关掉一台tomcat主机,用客户端浏览器测试访问。
从上面的结果能看出两次访问,nginx把访问请求分别分发给了后端的tomcat-1和tomcat-2,客户端的访问请求实现了负载均衡,但sessionid并一样。所以,到这里我们准备工作就全部完成了,下面我们来配置tomcat通过redis实现会话保持。
# 5、安装redis
sudo yum install redis-server
# 6、配置tomcat session redis同步
通过TomcatClusterRedisSessionManager,这种方式支持redis3.0的集群方式
下载TomcatRedisSessionManager-2.0.zip包,https://github.com/ran-jit/tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager
,放到$TOMCAT_HOMA/lib下,并解压
[root@linux-node2 ]\# cd /soft/tomcat-8080/lib/
[root@linux-node2 lib]\# wget https://github.com/ran-jit/tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/releases/download/2.0.4/tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager.zip
[root@linux-node2 lib]\# unzip tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager.zip
Archive: tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager.zip
creating: tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/conf/
inflating: tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/conf/redis-data-cache.properties
creating: tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/lib/
inflating: tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/lib/commons-logging-1.2.jar
inflating: tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/lib/commons-pool2-2.4.2.jar
inflating: tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/lib/jedis-2.9.0.jar
inflating: tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/lib/tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager-2.0.4.jar
inflating: tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/readMe.txt
[root@linux-node2 lib]\# cp tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/lib/* ./
[root@linux-node2 lib]\# cp tomcat-cluster-redis-session-manager/conf/redis-data-cache.properties ../conf/
[root@linux-node2 lib]\# cat ../conf/redis-data-cache.properties
#-- Redis data-cache configuration
//远端redis数据库的地址和端口
#- redis hosts ex: 127.0.0.1:6379, 127.0.0.2:6379, 127.0.0.2:6380, ....
redis.hosts=192.168.6.244:6379
//远端redis数据库的连接密码
#- redis password (for stand-alone mode)
redis.password=pwd@123
//是否支持集群,默认的是关闭
#- set true to enable redis cluster mode
redis.cluster.enabled=false
//连接redis的那个库
#- redis database (default 0)
#redis.database=0
//连接超时时间
#- redis connection timeout (default 2000)
#redis.timeout=2000
//在这个<Context>标签里面配置
[root@linux-node4 lib]\# vim ../conf/context.xml
<Valve className="tomcat.request.session.redis.SessionHandlerValve" />
<Manager className="tomcat.request.session.redis.SessionManager" />
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
配置会话到期时间在../conf/web.xml
<session-config>
<session-timeout>60</session-timeout>
</session-config>
2
3
启动tomcat服务
[root@linux-node2 lib]\# ../bin/startup.sh
Tomcat-2节点与tomcat-1节点配置相同
测试,我们每次强刷他的sessionID都是一致的,所以我们认为他的session会话保持已经完成,你们也可以选择换个客户端的IP地址来测试
转载:该文章来源于网络,仅做修改。