Tomcat中间件方方面面储备知识

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仅做个人备份学习使用。

LNMT

1.JAVA简介

常见的大型平台有LNMP、LNMP、LNMT

JAVA：LNMT（T表示Tomcat容器，放java代码的）

Tomcat

resin

weblogic（配合oracle数据库进行使用）

环境	处理模型	处理用户请求区别
lnmp	epoll（异步）缓存	通过fastcgi交给php-fpm进行处理
lamp	select（同步）遇到一个处理一个	lamp通过Apache模块与php进行沟通

异步类似于有一张表，根据对应的信息找对应的页面

同步类似于在一个目录中，在每一个文件中找想要的信息在这里插入图片描述

2.Tomcat必备知识

tomcat部署
目录结构
配置tomcat管理功能
部署jpress
tomcat多实例
tomcat监控
tomcat安全优化
Tomcat：apache-tomcat
与Tomcat有关的
jvm：java virtual machine java虚拟机
- 解决了代码的可移植性，1份代码处处使用
- 占用内存
jdk java development kit java开发环境
- java命令
- jvm环境
jdk版本
- oracle jdk 官网下载
- openjdk Linux自带，开源

3.Tomcat环境搭建

服务器 192.168.81.210 ens33

3.1.jdk

#这里的eof使用单引号引起来是为了让特殊符号也写入文件
#PATH 存放命令的路径，如果不小心改错了/etc/profile文件那么命令就不能使用了，可以使用命令的绝对路径来修改/bin/vim /etc/profile改完后exit重新连一下就行
#安装jdk之前先把之前rpm装的删掉

cat >>/etc/profile <<'EOF'
export JAVA_HOME=/application/jdk
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
EOF

[root@localhost ~]\# mkdir /application
[root@localhost application]\# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost application]\# ln -s jdk1.8.0_60/ jdk

#这里的eof使用单引号引起来是为了让特殊符号也写入文件
#PATH 存放命令的路径，如果不小心改错了/etc/profile文件那么命令就不能使用了，可以使用命令的绝对路径来修改/bin/vim /etc/profile改完后exit重新连一下就行
#安装jdk之前先把之前rpm装的删掉

cat >>/etc/profile <<'EOF'
export JAVA_HOME=/application/jdk
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
EOF

[root@localhost ~]\# mkdir /application
[root@localhost application]\# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost application]\# ln -s jdk1.8.0_60/ jdk

3.2.Tomcat

[root@localhost application]\# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.53.tar.gz
[root@localhost application]\# ln -s apache-tomcat-8.5.53 tomcat
[root@localhost application]\# mkdir soft
[root@localhost application]\# mv *.gz soft/
[root@localhost application]\# /application/tomcat/bin/version.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /application/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /application/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /application/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /application/jdk
Using CLASSPATH:       /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Server version: Apache Tomcat/8.5.53
Server built:   Mar 11 2020 10:01:39 UTC
Server number:  8.5.53.0
OS Name:        Linux
OS Version:     3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
Architecture:   amd64
JVM Version:    1.8.0_60-b27
JVM Vendor:     Oracle Corporation

#到此为止Tomcat部署完成

[root@localhost application]\# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.53.tar.gz
[root@localhost application]\# ln -s apache-tomcat-8.5.53 tomcat
[root@localhost application]\# mkdir soft
[root@localhost application]\# mv *.gz soft/
[root@localhost application]\# /application/tomcat/bin/version.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /application/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /application/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /application/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /application/jdk
Using CLASSPATH:       /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Server version: Apache Tomcat/8.5.53
Server built:   Mar 11 2020 10:01:39 UTC
Server number:  8.5.53.0
OS Name:        Linux
OS Version:     3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
Architecture:   amd64
JVM Version:    1.8.0_60-b27
JVM Vendor:     Oracle Corporation

#到此为止Tomcat部署完成

3.3.启动与管理

startup.sh 启动
shutdown.sh 关闭
catalina.sh 核心脚本

#startup.sh最主要的部分
PRG="$0"    #脚本名：/application/bin/startup.sh
PRGDIR=`dirname "$PRG"`   #dirname用于取出文件所在的路径，basename用于取出文件名
EXECUTABLE=catalina.sh
exec "$PRGDIR"/"$EXECUTABLE" start "$@"
#相当于 exec /application/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start   exec可以省略

#startup.sh最主要的部分
PRG="$0"    #脚本名：/application/bin/startup.sh
PRGDIR=`dirname "$PRG"`   #dirname用于取出文件所在的路径，basename用于取出文件名
EXECUTABLE=catalina.sh
exec "$PRGDIR"/"$EXECUTABLE" start "$@"
#相当于 exec /application/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start   exec可以省略

启动分析

[root@localhost tomcat]\# ./bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /application/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /application/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /application/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /application/jdk
Using CLASSPATH:       /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

[root@localhost tomcat]\# ss -lnptu | grep java
tcp    LISTEN     0      100      :::8080                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=67926,fd=52))
tcp    LISTEN     0      1      ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=67926,fd=64))

[root@localhost tomcat]\# ps -ef | grep java
root      67926      1 21 14:31 pts/0    00:00:04 /application/jdk/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start


/application/jdk/bin/java   #java启动程序的目录
#日志的配置文件
-Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat/conf/logging.properties 
-Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager 
-Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048
-Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
-Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 
-Dignore.endorsed.dirs= 
-classpath /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar 
#Tomcat的部署目录，多实例在区分时主要看这里
-Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat 
-Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat 
-Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap
start

[root@localhost tomcat]\# ./bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /application/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /application/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /application/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /application/jdk
Using CLASSPATH:       /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

[root@localhost tomcat]\# ss -lnptu | grep java
tcp    LISTEN     0      100      :::8080                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=67926,fd=52))
tcp    LISTEN     0      1      ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=67926,fd=64))

[root@localhost tomcat]\# ps -ef | grep java
root      67926      1 21 14:31 pts/0    00:00:04 /application/jdk/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start


/application/jdk/bin/java   #java启动程序的目录
#日志的配置文件
-Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat/conf/logging.properties 
-Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager 
-Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048
-Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
-Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 
-Dignore.endorsed.dirs= 
-classpath /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar 
#Tomcat的部署目录，多实例在区分时主要看这里
-Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat 
-Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat 
-Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap
start

4.Tomcat目录结构

[root@localhost tomcat]\# ll
总用量 124
drwxr-x---. 2 root root  4096 3月  31 14:30 bin
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 19318 3月  11 18:06 BUILDING.txt
drwx------. 3 root root   254 3月  31 14:31 conf
-rw-r-----. 1 root root  5408 3月  11 18:06 CONTRIBUTING.md
drwxr-x---. 2 root root  4096 3月  31 14:05 lib
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 57011 3月  11 18:06 LICENSE
drwxr-x---. 2 root root   197 3月  31 14:31 logs
-rw-r-----. 1 root root  1726 3月  11 18:06 NOTICE
-rw-r-----. 1 root root  3255 3月  11 18:06 README.md
-rw-r-----. 1 root root  7136 3月  11 18:06 RELEASE-NOTES
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 16262 3月  11 18:06 RUNNING.txt
drwxr-x---. 2 root root    30 3月  31 14:05 temp
drwxr-x---. 7 root root    81 3月  11 18:04 webapps
drwxr-x---. 3 root root    22 3月  31 14:31 work

[root@localhost tomcat]\# ll
总用量 124
drwxr-x---. 2 root root  4096 3月  31 14:30 bin
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 19318 3月  11 18:06 BUILDING.txt
drwx------. 3 root root   254 3月  31 14:31 conf
-rw-r-----. 1 root root  5408 3月  11 18:06 CONTRIBUTING.md
drwxr-x---. 2 root root  4096 3月  31 14:05 lib
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 57011 3月  11 18:06 LICENSE
drwxr-x---. 2 root root   197 3月  31 14:31 logs
-rw-r-----. 1 root root  1726 3月  11 18:06 NOTICE
-rw-r-----. 1 root root  3255 3月  11 18:06 README.md
-rw-r-----. 1 root root  7136 3月  11 18:06 RELEASE-NOTES
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 16262 3月  11 18:06 RUNNING.txt
drwxr-x---. 2 root root    30 3月  31 14:05 temp
drwxr-x---. 7 root root    81 3月  11 18:04 webapps
drwxr-x---. 3 root root    22 3月  31 14:31 work

bin tomcat管理命令 startup.sh shutdown.sh catalina.sh
- catalina.sh是startup.sh和shutdown.sh都会调用的
- 以后对于Tomcat优化（jvm优化设置最大内存最小内存）和配置监控功能
conf 配置文件存放目录
- server.xml（相当于nginx.conf）都是主配置文件
- web.xm 如果要增加插架或者优化都需要修改此文件
- tomcat-users.xml tomcat管理端配置文件
webapps tomcat的站点目录类似于nginx的html

log 日志文件存放目录

catalina.out tomcat的核心日志文件，存放着从启动到关闭做的所有操作，这个文件会持续变大持续增加，即使做了日志切割这个文件也不会缩小
catalina.2019-09-20.log catalina.out切割出来的日志，Linux系统有一个切割工具logrotate，yum装的程序默认会采用这个进行切割

localhost.2020-03-31.log tomcat的访问日志和nginx的access.log基本一致

[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat /etc/log
login.defs      logrotate.conf  logrotate.d/    
[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat /etc/logrotate.d/
bootlog         cups            httpd           libvirtd        libvirtd.qemu   numad           psacct          sssd            wpa_supplicant  
chrony          glusterfs       iscsiuiolog     libvirtd.lxc    mariadb         ppp             samba           syslog          yum             
[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat /etc/logrotate.d/syslog 
/var/log/cron
/var/log/maillog
/var/log/messages
/var/log/secure
/var/log/spooler
{
    missingok
    sharedscripts
    postrotate
  /bin/kill -HUP `cat /var/run/syslogd.pid 2> /dev/null` 2> /dev/null || true
    endscript
}
[root@localhost tomcat]\# 

1234567891011121314151617181920

[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat /etc/log
login.defs      logrotate.conf  logrotate.d/    
[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat /etc/logrotate.d/
bootlog         cups            httpd           libvirtd        libvirtd.qemu   numad           psacct          sssd            wpa_supplicant  
chrony          glusterfs       iscsiuiolog     libvirtd.lxc    mariadb         ppp             samba           syslog          yum             
[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat /etc/logrotate.d/syslog 
/var/log/cron
/var/log/maillog
/var/log/messages
/var/log/secure
/var/log/spooler
{
    missingok
    sharedscripts
    postrotate
  /bin/kill -HUP `cat /var/run/syslogd.pid 2> /dev/null` 2> /dev/null || true
    endscript
}
[root@localhost tomcat]\# 

1234567891011121314151617181920

5.配置Tomcat管理功能

启动完tomcat点下图框中默认会报错，因为没有账号密码，尝试多次后会报401 在这里插入图片描述

我们需要修改conf/tomcat-users.xml文件即可，下载在登录时输入username当时配置的即可正常登录

[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat conf/tomcat-users.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<tomcat-users xmlns="http://tomcat.apache.org/xml"
              xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
              xsi:schemaLocation="http://tomcat.apache.org/xml tomcat-users.xsd"
              version="1.0">
  <role rolename="admin-gui"/>
  <role rolename="host-gui"/>
  <role rolename="manager-gui"/>
  <user username="admin" password="admin" roles="admin-gui,host-gui,manager-gui"/>
</tomcat-users>

#配置完成后需要重启
在执行./shutdown后一定要查看进程和端口在不在

[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat conf/tomcat-users.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<tomcat-users xmlns="http://tomcat.apache.org/xml"
              xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
              xsi:schemaLocation="http://tomcat.apache.org/xml tomcat-users.xsd"
              version="1.0">
  <role rolename="admin-gui"/>
  <role rolename="host-gui"/>
  <role rolename="manager-gui"/>
  <user username="admin" password="admin" roles="admin-gui,host-gui,manager-gui"/>
</tomcat-users>

#配置完成后需要重启
在执行./shutdown后一定要查看进程和端口在不在

在这里插入图片描述

tomcat8.5以后的版本默认只允许机访问，换需要修改webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml

#将value class的行注释掉即可
[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" >
  <!--<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
         allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
-->
  <Manager sessionAttributeValueClassNameFilter="java\.lang\.(?:Boolean|Integer|Long|Number|String)|org\.apache\.catalina\.filters\.CsrfPreventionFilter\$LruCache(?:\$1)?|java\.util\.(?:Linked)?HashMap"/>
</Context>

#将value class的行注释掉即可
[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" >
  <!--<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
         allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
-->
  <Manager sessionAttributeValueClassNameFilter="java\.lang\.(?:Boolean|Integer|Long|Number|String)|org\.apache\.catalina\.filters\.CsrfPreventionFilter\$LruCache(?:\$1)?|java\.util\.(?:Linked)?HashMap"/>
</Context>

在这里插入图片描述

6.部署jpress

6.1.数据库准备

MariaDB [(none)]> create database jpress charset utf8mb4;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show create database jpress;
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database                                                    |
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| jpress   | CREATE DATABASE `jpress` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 */ |
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on jpress.* to 'jpress'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 
MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host from mysql.user;
+--------+-----------------------+
| user   | host                  |
+--------+-----------------------+
| root   | 127.0.0.1             |
| root   | ::1                   |
|        | localhost             |
| jpress | localhost             |
| root   | localhost             |
|        | localhost.localdomain |
| root   | localhost.localdomain |
+--------+-----------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on jpress.* to 'jpress'@'192.168.81.%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> drop user ''@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 
MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host from mysql.user;
+--------+-----------------------+
| user   | host                  |
+--------+-----------------------+
| root   | 127.0.0.1             |
| jpress | 192.168.81.%          |
| root   | ::1                   |
| jpress | localhost             |
| root   | localhost             |
|        | localhost.localdomain |
| root   | localhost.localdomain |
+--------+-----------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> create database jpress charset utf8mb4;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show create database jpress;
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database                                                    |
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| jpress   | CREATE DATABASE `jpress` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 */ |
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on jpress.* to 'jpress'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 
MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host from mysql.user;
+--------+-----------------------+
| user   | host                  |
+--------+-----------------------+
| root   | 127.0.0.1             |
| root   | ::1                   |
|        | localhost             |
| jpress | localhost             |
| root   | localhost             |
|        | localhost.localdomain |
| root   | localhost.localdomain |
+--------+-----------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on jpress.* to 'jpress'@'192.168.81.%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> drop user ''@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 
MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host from mysql.user;
+--------+-----------------------+
| user   | host                  |
+--------+-----------------------+
| root   | 127.0.0.1             |
| jpress | 192.168.81.%          |
| root   | ::1                   |
| jpress | localhost             |
| root   | localhost             |
|        | localhost.localdomain |
| root   | localhost.localdomain |
+--------+-----------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

6.2.获取jpress代码

https://gitee.com/GalaIO/jpress/blob/master/wars/jpress-web-newest.war

在这里插入图片描述

[root@localhost webapps]\# cp jpress/jpress/wars/jpress-web-newest.war  .
[root@localhost webapps]\# rm -rf jpress
[root@localhost webapps]\# rm -rf jpress.war 
[root@localhost webapps]\# mv jpress-web-newest jpress
[root@localhost webapps]\# mv jpress-web-newest.war jpress.war
[root@localhost webapps]\# ls
docs  examples  host-manager  jpress  jpress.war  jpress-web-newest  manager  ROOT

[root@localhost webapps]\# cp jpress/jpress/wars/jpress-web-newest.war  .
[root@localhost webapps]\# rm -rf jpress
[root@localhost webapps]\# rm -rf jpress.war 
[root@localhost webapps]\# mv jpress-web-newest jpress
[root@localhost webapps]\# mv jpress-web-newest.war jpress.war
[root@localhost webapps]\# ls
docs  examples  host-manager  jpress  jpress.war  jpress-web-newest  manager  ROOT

下面访问http://192.168.81.210:8080/jpress

在这里插入图片描述

我们去重启一下tomcat
jpress的配置文件位于webapps/jpress/WEB-INF/classes， db.properties
安装完成默认是进入整体的首页，我们可以使用单独账号进行登录
然后去访问http://192.168.81.210:8080/jpress/admin

在这里插入图片描述

可以写一篇文章并上传图片
在jpress/attachment/20200331/目录可以看到用户上传的附件

可以看到jpress中的表

MariaDB [(none)]> show tables from jpress;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_jpress  |
+-------------------+
| jpress_attachment |
| jpress_comment    |
| jpress_content    |
| jpress_mapping    |
| jpress_metadata   |
| jpress_option     |
| jpress_taxonomy   |
| jpress_user       |
+-------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

文章内容应该是在content表中
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from jpress.jpress_content \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
              id: 1
           title: 第一篇测试文档
            text: <p>江晓龙很牛！！！！<img src="/jpress/attachment/20200331/da5a9dd62da44c3fb1cab6fe9f7b293d.jpg" alt="啊啊啊" width="554" height="221"></p>
       thumbnail: NULL
          module: article
           style: NULL
         user_id: 1
       parent_id: NULL
       object_id: NULL
    order_number: 0
          status: normal
         vote_up: 0
       vote_down: 0
           price: 0.00
  comment_status: NULL
   comment_count: 0
      view_count: 0
         created: 2020-03-31 18:16:56
        modified: 2020-03-31 18:16:56
            slug: 第一篇测试文档
            flag: NULL
             lng: NULL
             lat: NULL
   meta_keywords: NULL
meta_description: NULL
         remarks: NULL
1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344

MariaDB [(none)]> show tables from jpress;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_jpress  |
+-------------------+
| jpress_attachment |
| jpress_comment    |
| jpress_content    |
| jpress_mapping    |
| jpress_metadata   |
| jpress_option     |
| jpress_taxonomy   |
| jpress_user       |
+-------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

文章内容应该是在content表中
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from jpress.jpress_content \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
              id: 1
           title: 第一篇测试文档
            text: <p>江晓龙很牛！！！！<img src="/jpress/attachment/20200331/da5a9dd62da44c3fb1cab6fe9f7b293d.jpg" alt="啊啊啊" width="554" height="221"></p>
       thumbnail: NULL
          module: article
           style: NULL
         user_id: 1
       parent_id: NULL
       object_id: NULL
    order_number: 0
          status: normal
         vote_up: 0
       vote_down: 0
           price: 0.00
  comment_status: NULL
   comment_count: 0
      view_count: 0
         created: 2020-03-31 18:16:56
        modified: 2020-03-31 18:16:56
            slug: 第一篇测试文档
            flag: NULL
             lng: NULL
             lat: NULL
   meta_keywords: NULL
meta_description: NULL
         remarks: NULL
1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344

删除这条记录，页面的文章跟着消失
在插回去，内容还会存在

7.显示jvm内存信息

#需要在webapps/ROOT目录下写一个mem.jsp的文件
[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat webapps/ROOT/mem.jsp 
<%
Runtime rtm = Runtime.getRuntime();
long mm = rtm.maxMemory()/1024/1024;
long tm = rtm.totalMemory()/1024/1024;
long fm = rtm.freeMemory()/1024/1024;

out.println("JVM memory detail info :<br>");
out.println("Max memory:"+mm+"MB"+"<br>");
out.println("Total memory:"+tm+"MB"+"<br>");
out.println("Free memory:"+fm+"MB"+"<br>");
out.println("Available memory can be used is :"+(mm+fm-tm)+"MB"+"<br>");
%>

#需要在webapps/ROOT目录下写一个mem.jsp的文件
[root@localhost tomcat]\# cat webapps/ROOT/mem.jsp 
<%
Runtime rtm = Runtime.getRuntime();
long mm = rtm.maxMemory()/1024/1024;
long tm = rtm.totalMemory()/1024/1024;
long fm = rtm.freeMemory()/1024/1024;

out.println("JVM memory detail info :<br>");
out.println("Max memory:"+mm+"MB"+"<br>");
out.println("Total memory:"+tm+"MB"+"<br>");
out.println("Free memory:"+fm+"MB"+"<br>");
out.println("Available memory can be used is :"+(mm+fm-tm)+"MB"+"<br>");
%>

访问http://192.168.81.210:8080/mem.jsp

8.Tomcat主配置文件

#shutdown端口  连接到这个端口并输入后面的暗号 SHUTDOWN 把tomcat关闭，需要把暗号给改掉
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">

[root@localhost tomcat]\# ss -lnptu | grep java
tcp    LISTEN     0      100      :::8080                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=77014,fd=52))
tcp    LISTEN     0      1      ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=77014,fd=62))
[root@localhost tomcat]\# telnet 127.0.0.1 8005
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
SHUTDOWN
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@localhost tomcat]\# ss -lnptu | grep java


#tomcat管理端，一般不开放，以免用户看到配置
<GlobalNamingResources>
    <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
         UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
    -->
    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>

#设置tomcat的端口，web功能，redirectPort是表示启用了https后的端口也就是443
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />


#tomcat线程数，maxThreads表示在tomcat忙的时候最多处理多少个线程，minSpareThreads表示正常情况下tomcat处理线程的数量
     <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
        maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>


#8009 ajp 工作方式：与Apache配合
<Connector protocol="AJP/1.3"
               address="::1"
               port="8009"
               redirectPort="8443" />
               

#host  虚拟主机部分
#host name：配置域名
#appBase：站点目录
#uppackWARS：是否自动解压war包，true就是解压，false就是不解压
#autoDeploy：是否自动部署把磁盘中的扔到jvm中
 <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
        <!--<Context docBase="/application/tomcat/webapps/" path="" reloadable="false">
        </Context>-->

        <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
        <!--
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
        -->

        <!-- Access log processes all example.
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
             Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

      </Host>
      
      
#tomcat访问日志的格式
 <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

#shutdown端口  连接到这个端口并输入后面的暗号 SHUTDOWN 把tomcat关闭，需要把暗号给改掉
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">

[root@localhost tomcat]\# ss -lnptu | grep java
tcp    LISTEN     0      100      :::8080                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=77014,fd=52))
tcp    LISTEN     0      1      ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=77014,fd=62))
[root@localhost tomcat]\# telnet 127.0.0.1 8005
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
SHUTDOWN
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@localhost tomcat]\# ss -lnptu | grep java


#tomcat管理端，一般不开放，以免用户看到配置
<GlobalNamingResources>
    <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
         UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
    -->
    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>

#设置tomcat的端口，web功能，redirectPort是表示启用了https后的端口也就是443
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />


#tomcat线程数，maxThreads表示在tomcat忙的时候最多处理多少个线程，minSpareThreads表示正常情况下tomcat处理线程的数量
     <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
        maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>


#8009 ajp 工作方式：与Apache配合
<Connector protocol="AJP/1.3"
               address="::1"
               port="8009"
               redirectPort="8443" />
               

#host  虚拟主机部分
#host name：配置域名
#appBase：站点目录
#uppackWARS：是否自动解压war包，true就是解压，false就是不解压
#autoDeploy：是否自动部署把磁盘中的扔到jvm中
 <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
        <!--<Context docBase="/application/tomcat/webapps/" path="" reloadable="false">
        </Context>-->

        <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
        <!--
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
        -->

        <!-- Access log processes all example.
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
             Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

      </Host>
      
      
#tomcat访问日志的格式
 <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

9.Tomcat多实例配置

一台主机可能会跑多个tomcat

[root@localhost soft]\# tar -xf apache-tomcat-8.5.53.tar.gz 
[root@localhost soft]\# ls
apache-tomcat-8.5.53  apache-tomcat-8.5.53.tar.gz  jdk-8u60-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]\# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.53 ../tomcat_8081
[root@localhost soft]\# tar -xf apache-tomcat-8.5.53.tar.gz 
[root@localhost soft]\# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.53 ../tomcat_8082

[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8080/8081/g' tomcat_8081/conf/server.xml 
[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8005/8006/g' tomcat_8081/conf/server.xml 
[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8009/8010/g' tomcat_8081/conf/server.xml
[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8080/8082/g' tomcat_8082/conf/server.xml 
[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8005/8007/g' tomcat_8082/conf/server.xml 
[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8009/8011/g' tomcat_8082/conf/server.xml

[root@localhost application]\# tomcat_8081/bin/startup.sh 
[root@localhost application]\# tomcat_8082/bin/startup.sh

[root@localhost soft]\# tar -xf apache-tomcat-8.5.53.tar.gz 
[root@localhost soft]\# ls
apache-tomcat-8.5.53  apache-tomcat-8.5.53.tar.gz  jdk-8u60-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]\# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.53 ../tomcat_8081
[root@localhost soft]\# tar -xf apache-tomcat-8.5.53.tar.gz 
[root@localhost soft]\# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.53 ../tomcat_8082

[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8080/8081/g' tomcat_8081/conf/server.xml 
[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8005/8006/g' tomcat_8081/conf/server.xml 
[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8009/8010/g' tomcat_8081/conf/server.xml
[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8080/8082/g' tomcat_8082/conf/server.xml 
[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8005/8007/g' tomcat_8082/conf/server.xml 
[root@localhost application]\# sed -ri 's/8009/8011/g' tomcat_8082/conf/server.xml

[root@localhost application]\# tomcat_8081/bin/startup.sh 
[root@localhost application]\# tomcat_8082/bin/startup.sh

在这里插入图片描述

#书写tomcat相关脚本时（启动 重启 监控）都有精确过滤
ps aux | grep java | grep tomcat_8081

#书写tomcat相关脚本时（启动 重启 监控）都有精确过滤
ps aux | grep java | grep tomcat_8081

10.Tomcat监控

监控方式

简单命令
现成脚本
通过zabbix自定义监控
- 自定义监控只要是用命令能得到的东西都能去监控
- 通过jmx 对java进行监控
其他监控
- 通过ipmi 监控硬件的
- 通过snmp 监控网络设备的，只要支持snmp都能监控

java自带的监控命令

jps 导出java相关的进程
格式：jps -lvm

参数选项：-lvm最详细

[root@localhost ~]\# jps -lvm
7457 org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start start -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat/temp
7525 org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start start -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat_8082/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat_8082 -Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat_8082 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat_8082/temp
9144 sun.tools.jps.Jps -lvm -Denv.class.path=.:/application/jdk/lib:/application/jdk/jre/lib:/application/jdk/lib/tools.jar -Dapplication.home=/application/jdk1.8.0_60 -Xms8m
7482 org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start start -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat_8081/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat_8081 -Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat_8081 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat_8081/temp

123456

[root@localhost ~]\# jps -lvm
7457 org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start start -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat/temp
7525 org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start start -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat_8082/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat_8082 -Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat_8082 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat_8082/temp
9144 sun.tools.jps.Jps -lvm -Denv.class.path=.:/application/jdk/lib:/application/jdk/jre/lib:/application/jdk/lib/tools.jar -Dapplication.home=/application/jdk1.8.0_60 -Xms8m
7482 org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start start -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat_8081/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat_8081 -Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat_8081 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat_8081/temp

123456

jmap 导出jvm信息，常用于自定义监控
格式：jmap pid

参数：-heap

[root@localhost ~]\# jmap -heap 7457
Attaching to process ID 7457, please wait...
Debugger attached successfully.
Server compiler detected.
JVM version is 25.60-b23

using thread-local object allocation.
Mark Sweep Compact GC

Heap Configuration:
   MinHeapFreeRatio         = 40
   MaxHeapFreeRatio         = 70
   MaxHeapSize              = 255852544 (244.0MB)
   NewSize                  = 5570560 (5.3125MB)
   MaxNewSize               = 85262336 (81.3125MB)
   OldSize                  = 11206656 (10.6875MB)
   NewRatio                 = 2
   SurvivorRatio            = 8
   MetaspaceSize            = 21807104 (20.796875MB)
   CompressedClassSpaceSize = 1073741824 (1024.0MB)
   MaxMetaspaceSize         = 17592186044415 MB
   G1HeapRegionSize         = 0 (0.0MB)

Heap Usage:     #监控的话关注这一列
New Generation (Eden + 1 Survivor Space):
   capacity = 12779520 (12.1875MB)
   used     = 11689352 (11.147834777832031MB)
   free     = 1090168 (1.0396652221679688MB)
   91.46941356169872% used
Eden Space:       #监控的话关注这一列
   capacity = 11403264 (10.875MB)
   used     = 11059616 (10.547271728515625MB)
   free     = 343648 (0.327728271484375MB)
   96.98640669899426% used
From Space:         #监控的话关注这一列
   capacity = 1376256 (1.3125MB)
   used     = 629736 (0.6005630493164062MB)
   free     = 746520 (0.7119369506835938MB)
   45.75718470982143% used
To Space:       #监控的话关注这一列
   capacity = 1376256 (1.3125MB)
   used     = 0 (0.0MB)
   free     = 1376256 (1.3125MB)
   0.0% used
tenured generation:       #监控的话关注这一列
   capacity = 28164096 (26.859375MB)
   used     = 18313224 (17.46485137939453MB)
   free     = 9850872 (9.394523620605469MB)
   65.02329774760035% used

21146 interned Strings occupying 1882520 bytes.

12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152

[root@localhost ~]\# jmap -heap 7457
Attaching to process ID 7457, please wait...
Debugger attached successfully.
Server compiler detected.
JVM version is 25.60-b23

using thread-local object allocation.
Mark Sweep Compact GC

Heap Configuration:
   MinHeapFreeRatio         = 40
   MaxHeapFreeRatio         = 70
   MaxHeapSize              = 255852544 (244.0MB)
   NewSize                  = 5570560 (5.3125MB)
   MaxNewSize               = 85262336 (81.3125MB)
   OldSize                  = 11206656 (10.6875MB)
   NewRatio                 = 2
   SurvivorRatio            = 8
   MetaspaceSize            = 21807104 (20.796875MB)
   CompressedClassSpaceSize = 1073741824 (1024.0MB)
   MaxMetaspaceSize         = 17592186044415 MB
   G1HeapRegionSize         = 0 (0.0MB)

Heap Usage:     #监控的话关注这一列
New Generation (Eden + 1 Survivor Space):
   capacity = 12779520 (12.1875MB)
   used     = 11689352 (11.147834777832031MB)
   free     = 1090168 (1.0396652221679688MB)
   91.46941356169872% used
Eden Space:       #监控的话关注这一列
   capacity = 11403264 (10.875MB)
   used     = 11059616 (10.547271728515625MB)
   free     = 343648 (0.327728271484375MB)
   96.98640669899426% used
From Space:         #监控的话关注这一列
   capacity = 1376256 (1.3125MB)
   used     = 629736 (0.6005630493164062MB)
   free     = 746520 (0.7119369506835938MB)
   45.75718470982143% used
To Space:       #监控的话关注这一列
   capacity = 1376256 (1.3125MB)
   used     = 0 (0.0MB)
   free     = 1376256 (1.3125MB)
   0.0% used
tenured generation:       #监控的话关注这一列
   capacity = 28164096 (26.859375MB)
   used     = 18313224 (17.46485137939453MB)
   free     = 9850872 (9.394523620605469MB)
   65.02329774760035% used

21146 interned Strings occupying 1882520 bytes.

12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152

jstatck 导出java的进程信息，常用于java程序故障，需要导出线程信息与开发一起研究

格式：jstack -l pid

[root@localhost ~]\#  jstack -l 7457
1

[root@localhost ~]\#  jstack -l 7457
1

tomcat故障案例：系统负载高，tomcat占用CPU较高
- 1.jps/top/htop精确确定哪个java进程导致
- 2.jstack导出java线程
- 3.catalina.out日志分析
- 4.jmap导出jvm信息，可以通过mat工具进行分析
tomcat监控
自定义监控：直接在tomcat服务器上写好脚本，在zabbix配置文件写好就行
首先需要在zabiix服务端安装zabbix-java-gateway然后在tomcat服务器开启监控功能

tomcat开启jmx监控功能

#修改bin/catalina.sh
[root@localhost tomcat]\# vim bin/catalina.sh
#注意不能分行写会报错找不到命令，要写在一行上
CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS"
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false
-Dcom.sun.management.jxmremote.ssl=false
-Djava.rmi.server.hostname="192.168.81.210"
#正确写法
CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -Dcom.sun.management.jxmremote.ssl=false -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=192.168.81.210"


#说明
CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS"    #修改tomcat启动参数
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote    #开启tomcat远程管理功能
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345 #远程管理功能，除了12345端口，还会生成2个随机端口，我们可以开放所有端口
Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticat=false     #是否在监控时需要认证
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false  #是否开启ssl连接
-Djava.rmi.server.hostname="192.168.81.210"   #设置tomcat所在服务器的ip

配置完成后重启tomcat即可
使用ps命令可以看到输出的信息多了我们写入的几行
[root@localhost tomcat]\# ps aux | grep java
root      17786  5.7 10.6 2306592 105860 pts/1  Sl   15:52   0:08 /application/jdk/bin/java
-Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat/conf/logging.properties 
-Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager 
-Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 
-Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
-Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false 
-Dcom.sun.management.jxmremote.ssl=false 
-Djava.rmi.server.hostname=192.168.81.210 
-Dignore.endorsed.dirs= 
-classpath /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar 
-Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat 
-Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat 
-Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start

使用ss/netstat 命令可以看到多出啦的三个端口
[root@localhost tomcat]\# ss -lnptu | grep java
tcp    LISTEN     0      100      :::8080                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=17786,fd=56))
#我们制定的
tcp    LISTEN     0      50       :::12345                :::*                   users:(("java",pid=17786,fd=22))
#随机的1
tcp    LISTEN     0      50       :::46272                :::*                   users:(("java",pid=17786,fd=21))
#随机的2
tcp    LISTEN     0      50       :::46081                :::*                   users:(("java",pid=17786,fd=24))
tcp    LISTEN     0      1      ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=17786,fd=65))


12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152

#修改bin/catalina.sh
[root@localhost tomcat]\# vim bin/catalina.sh
#注意不能分行写会报错找不到命令，要写在一行上
CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS"
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false
-Dcom.sun.management.jxmremote.ssl=false
-Djava.rmi.server.hostname="192.168.81.210"
#正确写法
CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -Dcom.sun.management.jxmremote.ssl=false -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=192.168.81.210"


#说明
CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS"    #修改tomcat启动参数
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote    #开启tomcat远程管理功能
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345 #远程管理功能，除了12345端口，还会生成2个随机端口，我们可以开放所有端口
Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticat=false     #是否在监控时需要认证
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false  #是否开启ssl连接
-Djava.rmi.server.hostname="192.168.81.210"   #设置tomcat所在服务器的ip

配置完成后重启tomcat即可
使用ps命令可以看到输出的信息多了我们写入的几行
[root@localhost tomcat]\# ps aux | grep java
root      17786  5.7 10.6 2306592 105860 pts/1  Sl   15:52   0:08 /application/jdk/bin/java
-Djava.util.logging.config.file=/application/tomcat/conf/logging.properties 
-Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager 
-Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 
-Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
-Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false 
-Dcom.sun.management.jxmremote.ssl=false 
-Djava.rmi.server.hostname=192.168.81.210 
-Dignore.endorsed.dirs= 
-classpath /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar 
-Dcatalina.base=/application/tomcat 
-Dcatalina.home=/application/tomcat 
-Djava.io.tmpdir=/application/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start

使用ss/netstat 命令可以看到多出啦的三个端口
[root@localhost tomcat]\# ss -lnptu | grep java
tcp    LISTEN     0      100      :::8080                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=17786,fd=56))
#我们制定的
tcp    LISTEN     0      50       :::12345                :::*                   users:(("java",pid=17786,fd=22))
#随机的1
tcp    LISTEN     0      50       :::46272                :::*                   users:(("java",pid=17786,fd=21))
#随机的2
tcp    LISTEN     0      50       :::46081                :::*                   users:(("java",pid=17786,fd=24))
tcp    LISTEN     0      1      ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005                 :::*                   users:(("java",pid=17786,fd=65))


12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152

可以使用jsconsole进行测试

11.Tomcat安全优化

tomcat安全管理规范

修改8005端口的暗号
修改8009端口
禁用管理端
降权启动，tomcat一般以普通用户进行管理
关闭文件列表功能
版本信息隐藏，tomcat报错后会有版本提示，定义一个error-code
server header重写，修改http响应头中的服务端名称
设置访问限制
脚本权限设置
日志设置

12.Tomcat总结

tomcat故障案例
tomcat安全优化
tomcat目录配置
多实例
监控

Tomcat中间件方方面面储备知识 #

LNMT #

1.JAVA简介 #

2.Tomcat必备知识 #

3.Tomcat环境搭建 #

3.1.jdk #

3.2.Tomcat #

3.3.启动与管理 #

4.Tomcat目录结构 #

5.配置Tomcat管理功能 #

6.部署jpress #

6.1.数据库准备 #

6.2.获取jpress代码 #

7.显示jvm内存信息 #

8.Tomcat主配置文件 #

9.Tomcat多实例配置 #

10.Tomcat监控 #

11.Tomcat安全优化 #

12.Tomcat总结 #

Tomcat中间件方方面面储备知识

LNMT

1.JAVA简介

2.Tomcat必备知识

3.Tomcat环境搭建

3.1.jdk

3.2.Tomcat

3.3.启动与管理

4.Tomcat目录结构

5.配置Tomcat管理功能

6.部署jpress

6.1.数据库准备

6.2.获取jpress代码

7.显示jvm内存信息

8.Tomcat主配置文件

9.Tomcat多实例配置

10.Tomcat监控

11.Tomcat安全优化

12.Tomcat总结